Agriculture one liner-05

 

Agriculture one liner-05

Agricultural Exports and Imports:

 

Ø  **Share of Agriculture exports in the total exports of the country- 12.26% (fourth argest commodity in terms of exports)

 

Ø  **Share of Agriculture imports in the total imports of the country- 4.09%

 

Ø  *India’s largest exported agricultural commodity in terms of its value- Basmati Rice (Rs.32,804 cr)

 

 

Ø  Highest exported :Cereals (basmati rice &Non basmati rice) >Marine Products>Buffalo meat

 Highest imported: Vegetable oils and Fresh fruits

 

Ø  Share of India’s Agriculture exports in the world exports – 2.5%

Ø  Share of India’s Agriculture Imports in the world Imports – 1.5%

Ø  India’s total agricultural exports accounts for- 2.71 Lakh crore

Ø  India’s total agricultural imports accounts for- 1.42 Lakh crore

Ø  **India’s top Agricultural Export commodities in terms of value areBasmati Rice> Buffalo Meat > Non basmati rice> Guar Gum

Ø  **India’s top Agricultural Imports in terms of value areVegetable oils> Fresh fruits> Cashew> Pulses > Raw Cotton

(Source: http://apeda.gov.in)

                 

Ø  Ø  India Exports Principal Agricultural commodities to- USA

 

Ø  Ø  India Imports Principal Agricultural Commodity (Edible oils) from – Indonesia

 

 

ؠؠ  India’s position in global export of agricultural, fishery, and forestry products is- 14^th

 

ؠؠ  National Food Security Mission (NFSM)-2007

 

 

Ø  Ø   National Food security Mission (NFSM) launched in the year- 2007.

ؠؠ  The main Aim is that to increase production of Rice by 10 MT, Wheat by 8 MT and Pulses by 2 MT by the end of 11 FYP.

 

Ø  Ø   Target of NFSM during 12 FYP is to increase food grain production by 25.0 MT i.e., 10.0 Mt of Rice, 8Mt of Wheat, 4.0Mt of Pulses, 3.0Mt of Coarse cereals.

 

 

Ø  Ø   NFSM at present covers Seven crops i.e., Rice, Wheat, Pulses, Coarse Cereals, Sugarcane, Cotton, Jute.

 

ؠؠ  New Initiatives in NFSM: from 2018 onwards focusing on Nutri-cereals, Oilseeds and Oil palm

 

 

o   New ‘National Mission on Edible Oil’ implemented from- 2018-19 (National Mission on Oilseeds & Oil Palm included under NFSM)

o   To Increase production of Oilseeds from 30.88 mt to 47.80 million tonnes by 2024-25

 

o   Increase the production of edible oils from primary and secondary sources from 10.50 mt to 18 mt by 2024-25 that reduce imports on edible oil from 60 to 45%.

 

 

Ø   Oil seed production- 32.26 million tonnes (2018-19) & Productivity is 1265 Kg/ha

GST: Goods & Service Tax

Ø **Goods and Service Tax is an- Indirect tax

Ø  The genesis of the introduction of GST in the country was laid down in the historic Budget Speech of – 28th February 2006

Ø  Amendment bill- 122

Ø  Amendment Act- 101

Ø  GST Council Headquarter- New Delhi

Ø  GST Recommended by-Vijay Kelkar Committee

Ø  1 st state to ratify the GST bill- Assam

Ø  Zero GST- for Food grains

Ø  GST threshold limit for Normal states- 20 lakhs

Ø  GST threshold limit for NE states- 10 lakhs

Ø  1st state to pass GST bill- Telangana

Ø  GST Council formation based on ARTICLE- 279A.

Ø  GST was first introduced by- France, 1954

Ø  GSTN-Goods & Service Tax Network.

Ø 5%Fertilizers, Dry Fruits fresh or dried,

Ø Fruits and vegetable juices 12%

Ø Tractors 12%

Ø Pesticides, Tractor wheel, Tractor parts 18%

Fertilizer Scenario (2018-19):

Ø  Total consumption of fertilizers in India in 2018-19 is- 27.29 million metric tone (MMT)
 
Ø  NPK use ratio in India in 2018-19 is- 7.1:2.7:1
 
 
Ø  Optimum use of NPK ratio is- 4: 2:1
 
Ø  Per hectare consumption of fertilizers in India during 2018-19 is-137.4 kg/ha
 
 
Ø  Per ha consumption of fertilizers highest in- Telangana (245.29 Kg/ha)> Punjab (224.49 Kg/ha)> Haryana (224.46 Kg/ha).
 
Ø  Per ha consumption of fertilizers Lowest in- Kerala (36.38 Kg/ha) followed by Rajasthan (60.73 Kg/ha).
 
Ø  Total production of NP fertilizers in India during 2018-19- 17.93 MMT (N fert13.34, P fert- 4.59 MMT) 

Ø  Production of Urea in India- 23.90 MMT; DAP- 3.90 MMT, SSP-4.08 MMT 

Ø  Total Import of fertilizers during 2018-19- 18.81 MMT (Urea- 7.45 mmt, DAP6.60 mt, NP/NPK- 0.55 mt & MOP-4.21 mt)

Ø Mostly Imported fertilizer- Potash from Jordan and Tunesia 

Ø  India is third in fertilizer production and second in consumption (China is first in fertilizer consumption) 

Ø  Fertilizer Control order- 1985 

Ø Neem Coated Urea (45 Kg bag)- incorporated as regular fertilizer in 2010 

Ø  Indigenous manufacturing of Neem coated Urea started in -2014 

Ø  Neem coated Urea is sold at- 5% above the MRP to recover the cost of coating 

Ø  Neem coated urea save urea by-20-30% 

Ø  The basic retail price of Urea is- Rs.5360 per tone

Ø  The basic retail price of 45kg Neem Coated Urea bag is- Rs.242

Pesticide consumption scenario (2018-19):

Ø  Ø Total registered pesticides in India (2018)- 287

 
Ø  Total banned pesticides in India- 28
 
Ø  Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIB & RC) –To facilitate the registration of safe, efficacious and quality pesticides for domestic use and export
 
 
Ø  The major pesticides applications are found in- Rice and Cotton crops (1st Paddy, 2 nd Cotton)
 
Ø Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Punjab are top three states contributing to 45% of pesticide consumption in India.
Ø (Source: cibrc.nic.in)
 
Ø  Total number of Central Integrated Pest Management Centres (CIPMCs) across the country is- 35

ICT Initiatives in Agriculture: (Useful for SRF)

Ø  An Android Mobile App for Jute and allied fiber crops Pest Management is- Jaf Safe

Ø  **A joint initiative of the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and Indian Council for Agriculture Research (ICAR) to bring high resolution ‘Vernacular Agro advisory App’ based on weather forecast to farmers is- Meghdoot (Aug, 2019) (Imp)

Ø  *App developed by India’s Agriculture Ministry to hire Farm equipments on rental basis is- Uber for Tractor (The app seeks to efficiently connect farmers with Custom Hiring Centers (CHCs) just like Uber connects passengers to cabs.)

Ø  The Union Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare launched the Muli lingual Mobile App that will allow farmers to avail custom hiring services of CHCs is- CHC Farm Machinery App

Ø  *CHC Farm Machinery App will allow farmers to avail custom hiring services of CHCs located in a radius of- 50 KM (Sep 24, 2019)

Ø  App launched by Ministry of Agriculture to provide farmers the information of best demonstration of high yielding crops and seeds in their nearby area is- Krishi Kisan App (Sep 24, 2019)

Ø  App launched by Ministry of Agriculture for Geo Tagging of Agricultural assets is- Krishi Kisan App

 

Ø *The mobile application launched Ministry of Agril. for farmers which will provide information on subjects such as weather, Market prices , seeds , fertilizers, pesticides, Input dealers and agriculture machinery is- Kisan Suvidha (March, 2016) (Imp)

Ø  Disaster Warning device launched by government to protect fishermen of any danger is- GEMINI

Ø (Gemini is a portable device linked to ISRO satellites that is ‘fail proof’ developed by INCOIS.)

Ø  FSSAI signed an MoU with NASSCOM to build a app to prevent food wastage.

Ø  **App developed by ICAR which integrates more than 100 agriculture related apps of ICAR institutes is- KISAAN (Krishi Integrated Solution for Agri Apps Navigation).

Ø  KISAAN app developed by- ICAR- Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture

Ø  KVK Mobile App” developed by- ICAR IASRI

Ø  *Plant diagnostic app “Plantix” developed by- PEAT GmBH in collaboration with ICRISAT, CIMMYT & CABI.

Ø  App developed by Ministry of Jal Shakti for cleaning & greening of open space through plantation, rain water harvesting-awareness & construction is- m Hariyali

Ø  Portal developed by Ministry of Agriculture for marketing of Organic produce is- Jaivik Kheti

Ø  A mobile smart phone application (Drishti) has been developed for field data collection. It is developed in 2015 by NRSC (National remote sensing centre)

Ø  Hortinet Mobile app for farmers to facilitate testing, registration and certification of Fruits & vegetables is launched by- APEDA

Ø  PM Kisan App (Feb 24, 2020) - To increase the outreach of PM KISAN Scheme.

Ø *PM-Kisan Toll free No. 1800115526

Ø Saturation of PM Kisan beneficiaries with Kisan Credit Cards

Ø  Livestock Disease Forewarning Mobile App developed by- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICAR-NIVEDI)

Ø  ICAR-IVRI in collaboration with IASRI developed – IVRI vaccination Guide App.

Ø  Avi Mitra- Pashu Palan App

Some Important International Years:

Ø Project/Mission Initiated in

Ø First AICRP on Maize 1957

Ø First NRC on Groundnut 1979

Ø National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) 1979

Ø National Agricultural Extension Project (NAEP) 1983

Ø Technology Mission on Oil Seeds 1986

Ø National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) 1998

Ø National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) July, 2006

Ø National Horticultural Mission (NHM) 2005-06

Ø Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) 2014-15

Ø National Food Security Mission (NFSM) 2007

Ø National Food Security Act or Ordinance July, 2013

Ø **National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture(NICRA) Feb 2011

Ø Agricultural Management Agency 1998

Ø National Agriculture Higher Education Project (NAHEP) Sep, 2017

Ø Major Flagship programmes Launched by Central

Ø Government in Agriculture and allied Sectors (Must Read)**

Ø In 2020 Budget is presented under three Prominent themes:

Ø Aspirational India 2. Economic Development 3. Caring Society

Ø **Agriculture Industry Women & Child

Ø Irrigation Investment Social Welfare

Ø Rural Development Infrastructure Culture, Tourism Water, Sanitation Commerce Environment & Education & Skills New Economy Climate Change

Ø In 2020 Budget Agriculture is presented under the theme of “Asipirational India”.

Ø In 2020 Budget Government formulated______ point strategy to boost Agriculture -16 point

Ø Budget for Agriculture and allied sectors is- 2.83 Lakh cr (Agril-1.42 lakh cr; RD-1.22 Lakh cr)

Ø Kisan Rail Scheme: 1 Feb, 2020

Ø Launched by: Indian Railways through PPP.

Ø Objective: To build a Seamless National Cold Supply Chain for perishables (Milk, Meat, Fish) through refrigerated coaches in Express and Freight trains.

Ø To help small farmers to supply perishable goods across the counry.

 

Ø Krishi Udaan: 1 Feb, 2020

Ø Launched by: Ministry of civil Aviation

Ø Objective: To build a Seamless National Cold Supply Chain for perishables (Milk, Meat, Fish).

Ø To assist farmers in transporting agricultural products so that improves their value realization.

 

Ø Dhanya Lakshmi Scheme: 1 Feb, 2020

Ø SHGs & Women SHGs will be promoted to become Dhanya Lakshmi (Seed banks) using Mudra Yojana.

Ø Programmes launched during 2020 Budget

 

 

Ø Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana

o   Launched: 5th July 2019

o   Aim: To increase the production of fish and aquatic products

o   It includes MoFPI’s schemes such as Food Parks, Food Safety and Infrastructure.

Programmes launched during 2018-19 to 2019-20

 

Ø ***5. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): Feb, 2019 (IMP)
Ø  Direct income support of Rs.6,000 per annum to all Land Holding Families.
 
Ø PM Kisan toll free number: 1800115526 Integration of PM Kisan benefiaries with KCC holders.
                
Ø  Har Medh Par Pedh: Dec, 2018 (Sub Mission on Agro Forestry)
Ø Establishing New Forward linkages for Agro forestry produce Promotion of tree based oil seeds for production of biofuel.
Ø Provision of Financial Assistance for Nursery Development & Plantation in farm land which will help farmer get additional income and make farming system more climate resilient & adaptive.
 
Ø 7.**Kisan Urja Suruksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (KUSUM): Feb, 2019
Ø  ****Formulated by ministry of New and Renewable Energy
Ø  ** Installation of Grid connected Solar power plants each of capacity Upto 2MW in rural areas
Ø  ***Installation of Solar water pumps (for 20 Lakh farmers)
Ø  **Solarisation of existing grid connected agricultural pumps (for 15 lakh farmers) to make farmers independent of grid supply and also enable them to sell surplus solar power to DISCOM.
o   GOBAR – DHAN: Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources, February, 2018
o   Main focus on converting cattle dung, solid waste into compost, biogas and bioCNG.
o   Agrimarket Infrastructure Fund: March, 2019
 
Ø Corpus fund of Rs.2000 cr to NABARD towards soft loan to states/UTs for developing
Ø Marketing infrastructure.
o   Pradhan Mantra Kisan SAMPADA Yojana- May, 2017
 
Ø SAMPADA - Scheme for Agro Marine Processing and Development of Agro processing Clusters
 
Ø Objective: Holistic development of the food processing sector
Ø  Promotion of Value addition through food processing
Ø  Integrated cold chain and value addition infrastructure
Ø  Total number of Mega food parks- 42
Ø  Infrastructure facilities creation through Mega food parks
Ø  Budget: Allocation of 6,000 cr for a period of 2016-20
 
Ø Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF): Sep, 2017
 
 
Ø Budget: Allocation of Rs. 10,881 crore during the period from 2017-18 to 2028-29.
 
Ø Objective: To create infrastructure facilities in dairy sector
Ø Implementing Agency: National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) and National Cooperative Development Cooperation (NCDC)
 
Ø Sponsoring Agency: NABARD
o   **E-Pasuhaat Portal: 2016
Ø  For connecting breeders and farmers of indigenous breeds of cow
Ø  To connect Farmers and breeders o trade disease free germplasm
o   ***Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana; Jan 14, 2016 (Imp)
§  under this scheme farmers will have to pay
Ø *2% premium fixed by insurance firms for Kharif crops
Ø *1.5%- for Rabi crops
Ø *5% for Commercial & Horticultural crops
Ø It is formed by Merging National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (1999-2000);
Ø Weather based Crop Insurance Scheme (1985)
Ø Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS)- Kharif 2016- aims to mitigate the hardship of the insured farmers against the anticipated crop loss resulting from adverse weather conditions relating to rainfall, temperature, wind,  humidity etc.